here are the loan requirements:
http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/05/f16/ATVM-Program-Application-Overview.pdf
note: it differentiates types of capital invested. It specifically states that the loan provides only expansion capital, not working capital. As a result Paul Elio must come up with enough cash to run his factory until sales revenue come it.
For example, if you are running an ice cream shop, the acquisition of your store front, furniture, fixtures, and appliances is financed with "expansion capital". Of course if you rent the store front, the needed amount of expansion capital will be less than if you buy it. Working capital is the money needed to fund your ice cream inventory, pay for electricity, payroll and other things between the time of business formation and the time money is available from sales to pay for these items.
In the case of an ice cream shop, this would be only the money needed to pay for the ice cream the day you open, and a set aside for salaries and expenses until money from ice cream sales reached such a level that the shop had a positive cash flow.
In the case of a major fixed goods manufacturer, such as a vehicle manufacturer, the amount of money needed would be that required to buy the raw materials, hire staff, develop the machinery, train the staff, from opening day until the money from sales is available to fund operations.
Elio Motors does not have an engine designed yet, has no engineering staff, and very few employees. It's management team is inexperienced and untested in creating new business models. They have very little entrepreneural experience. This is a an important management skill. Not all experienced executives have that skill. Bill Gates has that skill, Lee Iacocca did not.
The DOE, by stating the loan application from Elio Motors has passed the first phase of review only means that the application materials are now complete, and only now will the DOE start a formal review process. This is similar to when a prospective student enrolling in college. First the student must fill out the application form, then he must take the SAT and send the results to the school, then he must submit his transcripts. After all of that, the student still has to get written references and write his own essay. Only after all of that is complete will the school "accept the application" and start reviewing the student's background to see if they think the student will be successful at that particular university.
So far, Elio Motors has completed phase one: the application has been accepted. Phase two where the student is assessed for chances of success is just now starting. Then phase three where the student is assessed for an overall fit with the school's desired outcome is studied. After passing all the phases, the student will get an admittance letter.
Elio Motors has had its loan application accepted. It has a loong way to go to get the cash needed to set up operations.
Will it be successful? I do not know. I flunked Clairvoyance 101. However, My opinion is that it will not be successful in achieving a DOE loan.